Though the shortest day of the winter is behind us, in many
areas of the United States, the days continue to be painfully short. Where I
live, the sun will set at 4:41 pm today – during my summer vacations, I still have
a few more hours of fun in the sun at that time! As someone who enjoys being
outside and the light and warmth of the sun, I do have the tendency to get a
little fatigued and saddened by Northeastern winters. According to the American
Psychiatric Association, I am not alone: about 25% of people living in the
middle and northern latitudes of the United States exhibit such winter blues.
Unfortunately, though, for some, these symptoms can be so
serious that they are considered to be indicative of a mood disorder. The
condition, marked by seasonal symptoms of depression, is known as seasonal
affective disorder (SAD). Prevalence estimates for SAD range from 0 to 9.7
percent, depending on the population studied (rates tend to be higher farther
from the equator) and the method used for diagnosis.
What are the symptoms
of SAD and how does it relate to depression?